澶х悊宸炴按涓嬫⿱姊佹⿱澧╂媶闄も垰闄勮繎鍏徃锛涜獚(r猫n)鐐烘按---鐢熷彲浠ユ€�锛屾按涓仠鐣欐檪(sh铆)闁擄紝鐢氳嚦鍙互鏈夋(j墨)鏈�(hu矛)绶寸敓鐨勬妧琛�(sh霉)浠ュ倷涓嶆檪(sh铆)涔嬮渶銆傚鏋滀綘鍦ㄦ按涓垏浣犵殑娼涗即澶辨暎浜嗭紝鍏堝仠涓嬩締锛岀挵(hu谩n)椤у洓鍛紝涓婂崌鏁�(sh霉)灏�锛屽啀鐠�(hu谩n)椤у洓鍛紝鏈濆悜浣犲悗瑕嬪埌浣犵殑娼涗即鐨勬柟鍚戝墠閫�(j矛n)銆傞偅涔堜綘鍊戝皣鏈�(hu矛)鍦ㄤ笂鍗囧湴鎴栨槸姘撮潰涓婄浉閬�銆傚鏋滀綘鐨勬經浼村苟鏈嚭鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ按闈笂鎴栬€呬綘鍦ㄦ按闈笂涔熺湅涓嶅埌浣犵殑娼涗即鍦ㄦ按涓懠鍚稿悙鍑虹殑娉℃场锛屽鏋滀綘鍊戝緸浜嬬殑鏄瘮杓冪壒娈婄殑娼涙按瑷�(j矛)鍔冩瘮濡傛經姘�銆佸啺涓嬫經姘存垨鏄尝娴經姘寸瓑涓嶉仼瀹滄诞闈㈢殑娼涙按娲诲嫊(d貌ng)锛岄偅涔堝湪浣滄經姘磋▓(j矛)鍔冩檪(sh铆)灏遍渶瑕佸皪(du矛)浜庡け鏁e悗鐨勫皨鎵惧仛浜嬪厛鐨勭磩瀹�銆�
澶х悊宸炴按涓嬫⿱姊佹⿱澧╂媶闄も垰闄勮繎鍏徃锛涢牠鐩斿闈㈠拰闋�(l菒ng)鐩ゆ噳(y墨ng)娑備竴灞ょ禃绶f紗鎴栧寘瑁逛竴灞よ杽姗$毊 娓涘鐥呯殑鍘熺悊鍏跺(sh铆)骞朵笉鑳借闈炲父娓呮锛岀暥(d膩ng)鐒跺ぇ瀹堕兘鐭ラ亾锛屽湪姘翠笅楂樺鐠�(hu谩n)澧冧腑婧惰В鍦ㄥ悇绋祫绻�锛屽挨鍏舵槸鑴傝偑绲勭箶閲岀殑姘�?d煤)?锛屽湪澹撳姏娓涘皬鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊欐渻(hu矛)閫稿嚭锛岃畩鎴愭埃娉�锛岄€犳垚鍚勭ó鍚庢灉銆傛墍璎傜殑娓涘?銆傗暊ecompression illness锛岀啊(ji菐n)绋眃ci锛夊張鍒嗙偤鍏╁ぇ椤烇紝涓€椤炲彨鍋歛rterial gas embolism锛岀啊(ji菐n)绋盿ge锛屾寚琛€绠′腑鐨勬埃娉¢€犳垚鐨勫嫊(d貌ng)鑴堟爴濉�锛屽嚒鏄仛閬庢垨鑰呯湅浜哄仛閬庢墜琛�(sh霉)鐨勪汉閮界煡閬撻€欐湁澶氬嵄闅�(xi菐n)銆�
鑸嘺ge鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)鏉辫タ鍙仛pfo锛宲atent foramen ovale锛屼腑鏂囨槸鍗靛湏瀛旀湭闁夈€傚嵉鍦撳瓟鏄儦鑳庡績鑷熶腑宸﹀彸蹇冩埧涔嬮枔鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)瀛�锛屽洜?y脿n)姒曞挍銉婂抄銊焇鑷嶅付寰炴瘝楂旈偅閲屽惛鍙栨哀姘o紝鎵€浠ヨ娑茬劇闇€缍�(j墨ng)閬庤偤閮�锛屽乏鍙冲績鎴垮彲浠ョ洿鎺ョ浉閫�銆傚嚭鐢熷悗鐢变簬鑲洪儴澹撳姏鍔囨笡锛屽皫(d菐o)鑷村嵉鍦撳瓟涓婇潰鐨勯偅鐗囩祫绻旓紙鎯充笉璧峰悕瀛椾簡锛夐枆鍚�锛屽緸鑰岄仈(d谩)鍒板嫊(d貌ng)闈滆剤琛€宸﹀彸鍒嗛枊鐨勬晥鏋�銆傛摎(j霉)鍌宠锛屼笘鐣屼笂鏈�25%鐨勪汉锛岄€欏€�(g猫)闁夊悎閮芥槸涓嶅畬鍏ㄧ殑锛屽湪鑲洪儴澹撳姏澧炲ぇ鏅�(sh铆)鍙兘灏�(d菐o)鑷村乏鍙冲績鎴夸箣闁撶殑琛€娑叉徊婕�銆傝偤閮ㄥ鍔涙€庢ǎ鏈�(hu矛)澧炲ぇ鍛紵姣斿瑾挸鍡藉晩锛岄倓鏈夆€斺€旂瓟灏�(du矛)浜嗭紝娼涙按鍟�銆傚鏋滃彸蹇冩埧鐨勯潨鑴堣甯舵湁寰炶韩楂斿悇铏曞啋鍑轰締鐨勬埃娉★紝鐒跺悗涓嶇稉(j墨ng)閬庤偤閮ㄧ洿鎺ユ祦绔勫叆宸﹀績鎴�锛岄€�(j矛n)鍏ヤ富鍕�(d貌ng)鑴堬紝閭d箞锛屽憙锛屼篃瑷卞氨鎺涙帀浜�銆�娴锋磱姘翠笅杓告补绠¢亾妾㈡煡銆佹娓�(c猫)銆佹帰鎽镐篃鏄牴鎿�(j霉)浜嬬櫦(f膩)姘村煙鐨勬按鎯呫€佸ぉ鑹茬瓑鍥犵礌渚嗗畾姗�(j墨)姊伴枊鎸栬嚦绠″簳瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)楂樼▼浠ヤ笂-鏅�(sh铆)閲囩敤浜哄伐鎾垮钩鑷宠ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)楂樼▼浣嶇疆 寰堝浜哄洜?y脿n)妾燽鍌欐晠闅滅殑骞剧巼涓嶅ぇ锛岃€岀渷鐣ヤ簡涓嬫按鍓嶆瑕栫殑閫欏€�(g猫)鍕�(d貌ng)浣�銆傚緸绲勮濂戒箣鍚庣殑婕忔埃妾㈡煡銆佹畼澹撶⒑瑾�(r猫n)銆佷簩绱�(j铆)瑭﹀惛銆佸厖鎺掗枼瑭﹀嫊(d貌ng)浣�銆佹暣楂斿瑙€妾㈣鏈夌劇鐣扮媭锛熷叏閮界郸蹇界暐浜�锛佽嫢鏄櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)鏈変换浣曠暟鐙€锛岃珛(q菒ng)鏁欑反鎴栧簵瀹跺仛绔嬪嵆鎬х殑铏曠悊锛屼笉鍦ㄨ鍌欑暟甯哥殑鐙€娉佷笅娼涙按锛屼篃鏄竴闋�(xi脿ng)纰轰繚鑷韩瀹夊叏鐨勬帾鏂�銆� 绺戒箣锛岄€欎欢浜嬫儏鐪熷(sh铆)鐨勭櫦(f膩)鐢熶簡锛氬氨鍦ㄥ墠鍏╁€�(g猫)鏈堬紝涓€鍊�(g猫)鏈夌稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鐨勭編鍦�(gu贸)娲炴經鍦�(tu谩n)闅�(du矛)鍦ㄥⅷ瑗垮摜cozumel鎺㈢储涓€鍊�(g猫)娲炵┐锛岃寰炰竴鍊�(g猫)鍦版柟閫�(j矛n)鍘�锛屾父鍒板彟涓€鍊�(g猫)鏈夋埃瀹ょ殑澶у怀閲屽幓銆傚叾涓叐鍊�(g猫)浜轰娇鐢╟cr銆傞€�(j矛n)鍏ユ礊绌翠箣鍚庯紝浣跨敤ccr鐨勪竴鍊�(g猫)浜虹獊鐒堕枊濮嬪姞蹇父鍕�(d貌ng)锛屼粬鐨勯殜(du矛)鍙嬪彧濂藉垎鎴愬叐绲�锛屼竴绲勫叐浜虹穵绶婅窡涓婁粬锛屽彟涓€绲勮惤鍦ㄥ悗闈�銆傚叐鍒嗛悩鍚庢浜烘槒杩烽亷鍘�锛岄殜(du矛)鍙嬬櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浠栧凡缍�(j墨ng)闂�(gu膩n)闁変簡鑷繁鐨刢cr锛屽苟涓斿彇涓嬩簡鍌欑敤姘g摱锛坆ail out锛夌殑鍛煎惛鍣�锛岄’鐒朵粬宸茬稉(j墨ng)鎰熻鍒版湁鍟忛锛屼絾閭勬矑鏈変締寰楀強瑙f焙銆傞殜(du矛)鍙嬪皣浠栧倷鐢ㄦ埃鐡剁殑鍛煎惛鍣ㄥ閫�(j矛n)浠栫殑鍢撮噷锛岀劧鍚庝竴璺(h霉)閫佷粬鍘熻矾杩斿洖锛岃矾涓婁笉鏂峰線浠栧槾閲宲urge锛堝氨鏄寜鍛煎惛鍣�锛屽洜?y脿n)妯楊嵖鍛€?j墨ng)涓嶈兘鑷富鍛煎惛锛夈€�18鍒嗛悩鍚庝粬鍊戠祩浜庨洟闁嬫礊绌�锛岄Μ涓婇€�(j矛n)琛屾€ユ晳锛屼絾鏈兘鎴愬姛銆傚叾瀵�(sh铆)娲炴經鐗涘コ浜簀ill heinerth鏃╁氨瑾亷锛屾礊娼涙嫰鏁戠殑绗竴姊濊榛�(di菐n)锛屽氨鏄笉鐢ㄨ憲鎬�锛屽洜?y脿n)妲熼構顎翠笟鐗熲拤鐨囦笖绮嬧偓(g猫)閭勬湁鐢熼倓甯屾湜鐨勪汉锛岃€屾槸涓€鍏峰案楂旇€屽凡鈥斺€斿鏋滄湁浜哄湪娲為噷澶辫工鎴栨槒杩�锛岄偅涔堝咕涔庢矑鍙兘娲昏憲鍑轰締銆�鍦ㄦ柦宸ヤ腑鎴戝柈浣嶆敞閲嶈唱(zh矛)閲�銆佽瑳绌朵俊璀�(y霉)銆侀伒瀹堝悎鍚�
閫熼偊姘翠笅宸ョ▼鍏徃锛堟壙鎺ュ悇鍦版キ(y猫)鍕�(w霉)锛屽厤璨�(f猫i)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛�24灏忔檪(sh铆)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)锛岀瘈(ji茅)鍋囨棩涓嶄紤锛� 鍏徃鈥滀互瑾�(ch茅ng)鐐烘湰锛屼互璩�(zh矛)鍙栧嫕"锛屾啈绮炬箾鐨勬妧琛�(sh霉)銆佺殑銆佷互婊挎剰鐨勬湇鍕�(w霉)銆佽壇濂界殑淇¤(y霉)渚嗕笉鏂锋嫇灞曞拰璐忓緱甯傚牬(ch菐ng)銆�
澶х悊宸炴按涓嬫⿱姊佹⿱澧╂媶闄も垰闄勮繎鍏徃 涔�锛� 鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄩ杻鍏夌噲鐨勬檪(sh铆)鍊�锛屽崈钀笉瑕佸繕瑷樺埄鐢ㄧ挵(hu谩n)澧冨厜銆傚湪寤h鎷嶆敐涓�锛屽皣鍏╃ó鍏夌収鏈夋(j墨)鍦扮祫鍚�锛屼互琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)闄ら杻鍏夌噲鐓ф槑鑼冨湇涔嬪鐨勬洿澶氱殑鍏�(n猫i)瀹� 濡傛灉浣犺寰楄嚜宸卞湪娴蜂腑瀹规槗绶婂嫉锛屼綘---鍐嶅幓娓告吵姹�---绶寸繏(x铆)鍩烘湰鎶€宸�锛岀洿鍒颁綘灏�(du矛)鑷繁鍏呮豢淇″績閫�(j矛n)鑰屽皪(du矛)浜庝换浣曠獊鐧�(f膩)鐨勪簨浠堕兘鑳戒繚鎸佸喎闈�銆傚鏋滀綘鍙互浜嗚В閫欎竴榛�(di菐n)锛屼綘澶ф鍙互鎶婅嚜宸卞付闆㈠ぇ閮ㄤ唤鐨勫嵄闅�(xi菐n)锛屽嵆浣夸綘鐨勮鍌欏湪姘村簳鍑轰簡鍟忛銆�
浣嗕笉鏄厭閲忓ソ鐨勪汉灏辨瘮杓冧笉鏈�(hu矛)姘唹锛岄€欒窡閰掗噺鐒¢棞(gu膩n)锛岃窡鍊�(g猫)浜洪珨璩�(zh矛)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)銆�娣峰嚌鍦熷皫(d菐o)绠℃彃鍏ラ嫾绠″綆闋鍋�(c猫)婢嗘敞姘翠笅娣峰嚌鍦熸按涓嬪垏鍓茶垏姘f祦閫犵矑姗�(j墨)鍙婂櫞姘撮€犵矑姗�(j墨)鍘熺悊闈炲父鐩镐技娣峰嚌鍦熺殑鎷屽埗鎸夋贩鍑濆湡瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)閰嶅悎姣旈噰鐢ㄨ嚜鍕�(d貌ng)閰嶆枡姗�(j墨)閫�(j矛n)琛岄鏂�銆佹按娉ャ€侀粌鐮傜殑閰嶆枡鏍规摎(j霉)琚垏鍓插伐浠舵垨绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍦ㄦ按涓嬬殑浣嶇疆娴侀€熻純澶х殑鐮傞鍦�銆侀粡鎬у湡銆佺鐭冲湡鍙婇ⅷ(f膿ng)鍖栧窎绛夊爡(ji膩n)纭渤搴� 1.骞村害淇濋(y菐ng)----瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鍣ㄨ垏bcd澶х悊宸炴按涓嬫⿱姊佹⿱澧╂媶闄も垰闄勮繎鍏徃
澶х悊宸炴按涓嬫⿱姊佹⿱澧╂媶闄も垰闄勮繎鍏徃
閲濆皪(du矛)浠ヤ笂寤虹瓚鐗╂徊婕忔按鎯呮硜鎴戝叕鍙搁噰鐢ㄩ€�(j矛n)鍙g磵绫冲井鍒嗗瓙鍖栧伐闃叉按鍫垫紡鍘熸枡鐐轰富鍔戣垏澶氱ó鍖栧(xu茅)鏉愭枡閰嶅埗A銆丅鍏╂恫锛岀暥(d膩ng)鍏╃ó娣峰拰鍚庡嵆鐧�(f膩)鐢熻仛鍚堝弽鎳�(y墨ng)锛�30绉掗悩鍒濆嚌锛�2-3鍒嗛悩鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)瀹岀暍锛岀祩鍑濇垚鑶犻珨銆傛敞婕块噰鐢ㄦ按婧跺舰寮忔敞鍏ョ祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)灞�锛屾伎娑茬矘搴︿綆锛屾徊閫忔€уソ锛屽彲娉ㄥ叆0.1mm浠ヤ笅鐨勮绺�锛涙伎娑插彲鍦�銆佹按閫熷ぇ銆佹按閲忓姊濅欢涓嬪嚌鑱�锛涘嚌鑶犻倓鍏锋湁鎶�?ji茅)B鎬уソ銆侀亣姘淬€佽€愪镜铦曠瓑鐗归粸(di菐n)锛岃啝楂旀姉澹撳挤(qi谩ng)搴�0.01-0.06MPa,鎶楁媺寮�(qi谩ng)搴︾偤0.02-0.04MPa銆傜敤鐗瑰畾鐨勯珮澹撶亴婕胯ō(sh猫)鍌�銆佺瓑閲忔敞鍏ユ徊婕忛儴浣�锛屼娇鍏惰搏绌胯绺垏鍦熷¥涔嬮枔鐨勯绮掔祼(ji茅)鍚堝湪涓€璧�锛屾湁鐨勬晥灏侀枆娣峰嚌鍦熻绺拰姣涚窗(x矛)瀛斾簡鍦熷¥鐨勬壙杓夎兘鍔涳紝绲傚湪20骞翠互涓婁笉鍐嶆徊婕�锛屽緸鑰岄仈(d谩)鍒版姘翠箣鐩殑,鍏嶉櫎浜嗗缓绛戜紒妤�(y猫)鍙婃キ(y猫)涓绘柟婕忔按涔嬫剚锛�