PLC的控制方式屬于存儲(chǔ)程序控制,其控制功能是通過(guò)存放在存儲(chǔ)器內(nèi)的程序來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,若要對(duì)控制功能作必要修改,只需改變控制程序即可,這就實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制的軟件化??删幊炭刂破鞯膬?yōu)點(diǎn)在于"可"字,從軟件來(lái)講,其控制程序可編輯、可修改;從硬件上講,其外部設(shè)備配置可變。構(gòu)建一個(gè)PLC控制系統(tǒng)的重心就在于控制程序的編制,但外部設(shè)備的選用也將對(duì)程序的編制產(chǎn)生影響。因此在進(jìn)行程序設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)結(jié)合實(shí)際需要,硬、軟件綜合考慮。本文就硬、軟兩方面,選取梯形圖為編程語(yǔ)言,以松下電工FPO-C32型PLC為例,對(duì)PLC使用過(guò)程中易出現(xiàn)的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題及解決方法進(jìn)行了分析。
一、外部輸入設(shè)備的選用與PLC輸入繼電器的使用
1. 外部輸入信號(hào)的采集
PLC的外部設(shè)備主要是指控制系統(tǒng)中的輸入輸出設(shè)備,其中輸人設(shè)備是對(duì)系統(tǒng)發(fā)出各種控制信號(hào)的主令電器,在編寫(xiě)控制程序時(shí)必須注意外部輸入設(shè)備使用的是常開(kāi)還是常閉觸點(diǎn),并以此為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行程序編制。否則易出現(xiàn)控制錯(cuò)誤。
在PLC內(nèi)部存儲(chǔ)器中有專用于輸入狀態(tài)存儲(chǔ)的輸入繼電器區(qū),各輸入設(shè)備(開(kāi)關(guān)、按鈕、行程開(kāi)關(guān)或傳感器信號(hào))的狀態(tài)經(jīng)由輸入接口電路存儲(chǔ)在該區(qū)域內(nèi),每個(gè)輸入繼電器可存儲(chǔ)一個(gè)輸入設(shè)備狀態(tài)。PLC中使用的"繼電器"并非實(shí)體繼電器,而是"軟繼電器",可提供無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)常開(kāi)、常閉觸點(diǎn)用于編程。每個(gè)"軟繼電器"僅對(duì)應(yīng)PLC存儲(chǔ)單元中的一位(bit),該位狀態(tài)為"1",表示該"軟繼電器線圈"通電,則程序中所有該繼電器的觸點(diǎn)都動(dòng)作。輸入繼電器作為PLC接收外部主令信號(hào)的器件,通過(guò)接線與外部輸入設(shè)備相聯(lián)系,其"線圈"狀態(tài)只能由外部輸入信號(hào)驅(qū)動(dòng)。
TRUTZSCHLER ZPB 2 ZPB2 CIRCUIT BOARD CARD PLC MODULE 9 408-00.810.000 AG
TRUTZSCHLER ZPB 2 ZPB2 CIRCUIT BOARD CARD PLC MODULE 9 408-00.810.000 AG
TRUTZSCHLER ZPB 2 ZPB2 CIRCUIT BOARD 9 400-20.810.110 AE A-03-21-1 NEW
TRUTZSCHLER ZPB 2 ZPB2 CIRCUIT BOARD 9 400-20.810.110 AE A-03-21-1 NEW
Trutzschler ZPB 2 400-20.810.110AE
Trutzschler ZPB 2 400-20.810.110AE
TRUTZSCHLER TERMINAL CIRCUIT BOARD SPC-A3 490-81.230.000 AA 49081230000 AA
TRUTZSCHLER TERMINAL CIRCUIT BOARD SPC-A3 490-81.230.000 AA 49081230000 AA
TRUTZSCHLER TERMINAL CIRCUIT BOARD SPC-A3 490-81.230.000 49081230000
TRUTZSCHLER TERMINAL CIRCUIT BOARD SPC-A3 490-81.230.000 49081230000
Trutzschler SIB 3 (A1) Board ——#9
Trutzschler SIB 3 (A1) Board ——#9
TRUTZSCHLER RELAY SWG 3A SWG3A 9 490-87.335.000 949087335000
TRUTZSCHLER RELAY SWG 3A SWG3A 9 490-87.335.000 949087335000
Trutzschler Relay SWG 3A SWG 3 Type A 490-87.333.000 49087333000
Trutzschler Relay SWG 3A SWG 3 Type A 490-87.333.000 49087333000
Trutzschler Relay REL 3B 9 490-31.330.000 AA Used
Trutzschler Relay REL 3B 9 490-31.330.000 AA Used
Trutzschler RBT 3 494-18.330.000 Relay Output Module Circuit Board
Trutzschler RBT 3 494-18.330.000 Relay Output Module Circuit Board
TRUTZSCHLER PLC MODULE TMS CIRCUIT BOARD CARD NTK3 NTK-3 9 492-53.430.000
TRUTZSCHLER PLC MODULE TMS CIRCUIT BOARD CARD NTK3 NTK-3 9 492-53.430.000
TRUTZSCHLER NTK 3 492-53.430.000 PLC MODULE TMS CIRCUIT BOARD CARD NTK3
TRUTZSCHLER NTK 3 492-53.430.000 PLC MODULE TMS CIRCUIT BOARD CARD NTK3
trutzschler NOM 3 9 495-61.230.002 AA 495-61.330.000 495-61-210-001 relay board
trutzschler NOM 3 9 495-61.230.002 AA 495-61.330.000 495-61-210-001 relay board
Trutzschler MZE 3 9 492-38.430.000AA MZE3 MICROP. CENTRAL UNIT A-19-02-3 NEW
Trutzschler MZE 3 9 492-38.430.000AA MZE3 MICROP. CENTRAL UNIT A-19-02-3 NEW
Trutzschler MZE 3 9 492-38.430.000AA Lifetime Warranty !!!
Trutzschler MZE 3 9 492-38.430.000AA Lifetime Warranty !!!
TRUTZSCHLER LSE 3 LSE3 CABLE 9 494-40.330.000 AB 949440330000AB
TRUTZSCHLER LSE 3 LSE3 CABLE 9 494-40.330.000 AB 949440330000AB
TRUTZSCHLER LIGHT BAR TRANSMITTER LSS 3 Z.NR: 9 494-41.330.000 AB S.-NR: R100556
TRUTZSCHLER LIGHT BAR TRANSMITTER LSS 3 Z.NR: 9 494-41.330.000 AB S.-NR: R100556
TRUTZSCHLER LIGHT BAR TRANSMITTER LSS 3 T.-NR: 9 494-41.330.000 AD S-NR:10016574
TRUTZSCHLER LIGHT BAR TRANSMITTER LSS 3 T.-NR: 9 494-41.330.000 AD S-NR:10016574
Trutzschler KSZ3.P2 9 493-38.230.002AD One Year Warranty !
Trutzschler KSZ3.P2 9 493-38.230.002AD One Year Warranty !
Trutzschler KSZ3 9 400-97.861.025 AA Lifetime Warranty !!!
Trutzschler KSZ3 9 400-97.861.025 AA Lifetime Warranty !!!
TRUTZSCHLER KOM 1 CIRCUIT BOARD 492-40.230.001 492-40.431.000 492-40.230.002. 3A
TRUTZSCHLER KOM 1 CIRCUIT BOARD 492-40.230.001 492-40.431.000 492-40.230.002. 3A
Trutzschler 495 53 230 000 ADB3
Trutzschler 495 53 230 000 ADB3
Trutzschler 493 38 230 001 KSZ3 400 97 861 025
Trutzschler 493 38 230 001 KSZ3 400 97 861 025
Trutzschler 493 30 233 000 VER3
Trutzschler 493 30 233 000 VER3
TRUTZSCHLER 492-59.230.001 PLUG IN CIRCUIT BOARD CARD MBP 3
TRUTZSCHLER 492-59.230.001 PLUG IN CIRCUIT BOARD CARD MBP 3
Trutzschler 107091008 Circuit Board RIK 6D 9 495-35.234.001 AB 3C GII
Trutzschler 107091008 Circuit Board RIK 6D 9 495-35.234.001 AB 3C GII
SUZUKI EMINENT BLUE MET ZPB Car Paint Aerosol Repair Kit
SUZUKI EMINENT BLUE MET ZPB Car Paint Aerosol Repair Kit
Pink Nintendo DS Lite + 3 games + carrying case and charger cable
Pink Nintendo DS Lite + 3 games + carrying case and charger cable
Nintendo DS Lite Metallic Rose With 3 Games Lunch Box Carrying Case & Stylus
Nintendo DS Lite Metallic Rose With 3 Games Lunch Box Carrying Case & Stylus
Nintendo DS Lite Metallic Rose Handheld System | 3 Games | Tested & Works Great!
Nintendo DS Lite Metallic Rose Handheld System | 3 Games | Tested & Works Great!
NEW Gotoh SGL510Z-PB4 MGT Locking Tuners w Keystone Buttons 21:1 Set 3x3 - BLACK
NEW Gotoh SGL510Z-PB4 MGT Locking Tuners w Keystone Buttons 21:1 Set 3x3 - BLACK
MARATHON ZPB103ZM PILLOW BLOCK BEARING 1-3/16" ZMaRC NEW
MARATHON ZPB103ZM PILLOW BLOCK BEARING 1-3/16" ZMaRC NEW
LSE3A Trutzschler Light Bar Transmitter
LSE3A Trutzschler Light Bar Transmitter
Korjo Zippered Plastic Bags in 3 Colors -ZPB23
Korjo Zippered Plastic Bags in 3 Colors -ZPB23
Hidraulikpumpe S12293922 ZPB10,5/10,5/8,3D